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Cultural Adaptation of a Low-Intensity Group Psychological Intervention for Syrian Refugees
Aemal Akhtar1, Michelle H Engels2, Ahmad Bawaneh3, Martha Bird2, Richard Bryant4, Pim Cuijpers5, Pernille Hansen2, Hadeel Al-Hayek3, Zeynep Ilkkursun6, Gulsah Kurt6, Marit Sijbrandij5, James Underhill7, Ceren Acarturk6, and On behalf of the STRENGTHS Consortium8
1 Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
2 The IFRC Reference Centre for Psychosocial Support, Copenhagen, Denmark
3 Country Office, International Medical Corps, Amman, Jordan
4 School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
5 Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
6 Department of Psychology, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
7 Technical Unit, International Medical Corps, Washington, DC, USA
Correspondence Address:
Aemal Akhtar
School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052
Australia
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/INTV.INTV_38_20
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Given the increasing use of low-intensity psychological interventions in humanitarian mental health and psychosocial support work, more attention is needed to strengthen the intersection between evidence-based interventions and cultural contextualisation. Undertaking the process of cultural adaptation ensures the appropriateness and acceptability of psychological interventions in these contexts. We present the process and results of conducting a cultural adaptation for the Group Problem Management Plus (GroupPM+) intervention, for Syrian refugees across two contexts; Jordan in camp settings and Turkey in urban settings. The first step of the adaptation was to conduct a rapid qualitative assessment following the Design, Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation model proceeded by cognitive interviews and a workshop designed to apply changes according to the Bernal framework. Based on the results, a total of 82 changes were proposed across the intervention manual, training, supervision and implementation protocols. Changes ranged from minor amendments to terminology to broader changes to how metaphors, stories and illustrations are presented during the intervention. Additionally, two substantial adaptations were suggested: (1) the addition of a session designed to enhance family engagement, and (2) the development of a male case study. Changes were incorporated prior to the implementation of the GroupPM+ intervention in Jordan and Turkey.
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